Sapphire windows are transparent optical components made from single crystal sapphire (Al2O3) material. Sapphire is known for its exceptional hardness, high thermal conductivity, and optical clarity, making it an excellent choice for windows and lenses in a wide range of applications. Sapphire windows are available in various shapes to suit different optical and mechanical requirements. Here are some common shapes of sapphire windows:
- Round Sapphire Windows: These are the most common shape and are used for general optical applications. They come in various diameters and thicknesses to meet specific requirements.
- Square and Rectangular Sapphire Windows: These windows are often used in applications where a square or rectangular shape is more convenient, such as imaging systems or protective coverings.
- Cylindrical Sapphire Windows: These windows have a cylindrical shape and are used in applications where light needs to pass through along a linear path, or where cylindrical windows fit better in the overall design.
- Dome-Shaped Sapphire Windows: Dome-shaped windows are often used in high-pressure or underwater applications. The curved design helps withstand external pressure while maintaining optical clarity.
- Custom Sapphire Windows: Depending on the specific application, sapphire windows can be custom-made to match unique geometries or optical requirements. This may include windows with non-standard curvatures or apertures.
Sapphire windows are used in various industries and applications, including aerospace, defense, medical devices, lasers, and scientific instruments. Their hardness and scratch resistance make them particularly suitable for harsh environments and situations where the window must remain optically clear over time. Sapphire windows also have a wide transmission range, extending into the UV and IR spectral regions, making them versatile for many optical systems.