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Technical Overview of Nd:YVO₄ Crystal

Product Name: Neodymium-doped Yttrium Vanadate Crystals
Simple chemical formula: Nd:YVO₄ (Neodymium-doped Yttrium Orthovanadate)
Material: Crystalline material (Main components: Yttrium 43.2%, Vanadium 24.7%, Oxygen 31.1%, Neodymium 1.0%)

Nd:YVO4 crystal

Product Introduction:

Neodymium-doped yttrium vanadate (Nd:YVO₄) laser crystal is a tetragonal crystal (point group D2d-2m), typically grown as a single crystal via the melt-pulling method. When cut along the a-axis, its absorption coefficient at 809 nm is 3.5 times that of Nd³⁺:YAG crystal, and its laser emission cross-section is 2.7 times larger, making it an important material for diode-pumped miniature lasers.

Nd:YVO₄ crystals possess excellent properties, including high chemical stability, a high optical damage threshold, a large stimulated emission cross-section, moderate metastable lifetime, and a strong and broad absorption band at 808 nm. These characteristics make them ideal for fabricating low-pump-threshold, high-efficiency laser diode (LD) pumped solid-state lasers.

When used in conjunction with crystals of high nonlinear coefficients such as LBO, BBO, and KTP, laser diode (LD) pumped...
Nd:YVO₄ crystals achieve excellent harmonic conversion efficiency. This enables the fabrication of all-solid-state lasers with outputs ranging from green and blue light to ultraviolet light, and their widespread application in consumer electronics, wafer inspection, laser communication, and new energy fields.

Depending on specific requirements, neodymium-doped yttrium vanadate (Nd:YVO₄) crystals are often made into rods or sheets, and their translucent surfaces typically require precision polishing and coating .

Working principle:

Neodymium-doped yttrium vanadate (Nd:YVO₄) crystals have a strong and broad absorption band at 808 nm. When the Nd:YVO₄ crystal is pumped by an 808 nm laser diode, it generates 1064 nm laser radiation. First, the grown Nd:YVO₄ crystal rod needs to be oriented, precisely machined, and coated at both ends. Then, a reflector and an output mirror are added. These components are then installed into the laser cavity, and pump energy (typically an 808 nm laser diode as the pump source) is input to generate the desired 1064 nm laser.

By utilizing the nonlinear wavelength conversion properties of nonlinear laser crystals, 1064nm laser light can be converted into the desired green, blue, and ultraviolet light.

Production process:
Material preparation: Neodymium-doped yttrium vanadate (Nd:YVO₄) raw materials undergo a chemical reaction in a high-temperature growth furnace, and crystals are grown using the Czochralski method to produce crystal blanks.
Preliminary processing: The Nd:YVO₄ crystal blank is inspected. If it passes the inspection, the crystal is oriented and cut to achieve the required shape and size.
Precision machining: Through precision machining processes such as milling, fine grinding and polishing, the product is ensured to meet strict geometric and optical performance requirements.
Surface treatment: Apply an anti-reflective coating or a reflective coating to the precision-polished crystal surface according to design requirements.

Application Areas:

This product is widely used in consumer electronics laser pointers and laser lights, laser communication, semiconductor wafer inspection, micro-nano processing, and biomedical applications.

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